[30+] Pharmacology and Toxicology MCQs & Answers {PDF}

1. Aspirin
2. Antibiotic
3. Antacid
4. Antihistamine

Ans. A

Aspirin is an example of an analgesic drug, which is commonly used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation.

1. Pharmacology
2. Toxicology
3. Pharmacokinetics
4. Pharmacodynamics

Ans. A

Pharmacology is the study of how drugs affect the body and how the body affects drugs.

1. Weight loss
2. Hypertension
3. Immune system enhancement
4. Osteoporosis

Ans. D

Long-term corticosteroid use can lead to the development of osteoporosis due to its negative effects on bone density.

1. Excretion
2. Elimination
3. Detoxification
4. Transport

Ans. C

The liver plays a primary role in drug metabolism by detoxifying and breaking down drugs for elimination from the body.

1. Pharmacology
2. Toxicology
3. Pharmacokinetics
4. Pharmacodynamics

Ans. B

Toxicology is the study of the adverse effects of chemicals, including drugs, on living organisms.

1. Aspirin
2. Antibiotic
3. Antacid
4. Antihistamine

Ans. A

Aspirin is an example of an analgesic drug, which is commonly used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation.

1. Pharmacology
2. Toxicology
3. Pharmacokinetics
4. Pharmacodynamics

Ans. A

Pharmacology is the study of how drugs affect the body and how the body affects drugs.

1. Weight loss
2. Hypertension
3. Immune system enhancement
4. Osteoporosis

Ans. D

Long-term corticosteroid use can lead to the development of osteoporosis due to its negative effects on bone density.

1. Excretion
2. Elimination
3. Detoxification
4. Transport

Ans. C

The liver plays a primary role in drug metabolism by detoxifying and breaking down drugs for elimination from the body.

1. Pharmacology
2. Toxicology
3. Pharmacokinetics
4. Pharmacodynamics

Ans. B

Toxicology is the study of the adverse effects of chemicals, including drugs, on living organisms.

1. Amoxicillin
2. Warfarin
3. Prozac
4. Aspirin

Ans. C

Prozac is a well-known SSRI used to treat depression and anxiety disorders.

1. Renal excretion
2. Hepatic excretion
3. Pulmonary excretion
4. Gastrointestinal excretion

Ans. A

Water-soluble drugs are primarily excreted through the kidneys, a process known as renal excretion.

1. Atropine
2. Naloxone
3. N-acetylcysteine
4. Epinephrine

Ans. C

N-acetylcysteine is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose and helps prevent liver damage.

1. Oral
2. Intravenous (IV)
3. Transdermal
4. Rectal

Ans. B

Intravenous (IV) administration provides the fastest onset of action as it delivers the drug directly into the bloodstream.

1. Corticosteroids
2. Antibiotics
3. Antihistamines
4. Diuretics

Ans. C

Antihistamines are used to relieve allergic symptoms by blocking the effects of histamine, which causes itching and sneezing.

1. Antidepressants
2. Antipsychotics
3. Antibiotics
4. Antivirals

Ans. C

Antibiotics are specifically designed to treat bacterial infections by inhibiting or killing bacteria.

1. Heart
2. Brain
3. Kidneys
4. Liver

Ans. C

Diuretic drugs primarily target the kidneys to increase the excretion of salt and water, leading to increased urine production.

1. Decreased blood clotting
2. Nausea and vomiting
3. Increased heart rate
4. Bleeding tendencies

Ans. D

Anticoagulant drugs can lead to bleeding tendencies and an increased risk of bleeding due to their blood-thinning effect.

1. Pharmacology
2. Pharmacokinetics
3. Pharmacodynamics
4. Pharmacogenetics

Ans. C

Pharmacodynamics is the study of drug interactions with various cellular and subcellular components to understand drug effects.

1. Morphine
2. Marijuana
3. Cocaine
4. Xanax

Ans. C

Cocaine is a commonly abused CNS stimulant drug that can lead to addiction and serious health problems.

1. Antibiotics
2. Antivirals
3. Antacids
4. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)

Ans. D

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used to reduce stomach acid production and treat acid-related conditions.

1. Pharmacology
2. Pharmacokinetics
3. Pharmacodynamics
4. Pharmacotherapeutics

Ans. B

Pharmacokinetics is the study of drug distribution within the body, including where drugs accumulate in tissues and organs.

1. Tolerance
2. Withdrawal
3. Addiction
4. Overdose

Ans. A

Tolerance is the term for needing a higher drug dose to achieve the same effect because the body has adapted to the drug’s presence.

1. Reduced blood pressure
2. Stomach ulcers
3. Improved sleep quality
4. Enhanced cognitive function

Ans. B

Stomach ulcers are a common side effect of NSAIDs, which can irritate the stomach lining.

1. Antipyretic
2. Corticosteroid
3. Beta-agonist
4. Anticoagulant

Ans. C

Beta-agonists are bronchodilators commonly used to treat asthma by relaxing the airway muscles.

1. Reducing blood pressure
2. Preventing blood clot formation
3. Increasing blood cell production
4. Boosting the immune system

Ans. B

Anticoagulant drugs work by preventing the formation of blood clots, reducing the risk of thrombosis and embolism.

1. Weight loss
2. Excessive sweating
3. Extrapyramidal symptoms
4. Improved memory

Ans. C

Extrapyramidal symptoms, such as involuntary movements, are side effects of some antipsychotic medications.

1. Boosting the immune system
2. Killing bacteria
3. Preventing or treating viral infections
4. Reducing pain and inflammation

Ans. C

Antiviral drugs are used to prevent or treat viral infections by inhibiting viral replication.

1. Penicillin
2. Furosemide
3. Insulin
4. Aspirin

Ans. B

Furosemide is a commonly used diuretic medication that promotes urine production and fluid elimination.

1. Pharmacology
2. Toxicology
3. Pharmacokinetics
4. Pharmacogenetics

Ans. D

Pharmacogenetics focuses on how genetic factors affect an individual’s response to drugs, including variations in drug metabolism.

1. Antipyretics
2. Antipsychotics
3. Antihypertensives
4. Statins

Ans. D

Statins are commonly used to lower high cholesterol levels in the blood and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

1. Absorption
2. Distribution
3. Metabolism
4. Excretion

Ans. D

Excretion is the process of drugs being broken down and eliminated from the body, often through urine or feces.

1. Increased energy and alertness
2. Nausea and constipation
3. Reduced pain sensitivity
4. Improved sleep quality

Ans. B

Nausea and constipation are common side effects of opioid medications, often resulting from their impact on the gastrointestinal system.