01. Who is considered the founding figure of sociology? a) Karl Marx
b) Max Weber
c) Auguste Comte
d) Emile Durkheim
Ans. C
02. What is the sociological term for a set of organized beliefs and practices that guide human behavior? a) Culture
b) Norms
c) Religion
d) Morality
Ans. C
03. Which sociological perspective focuses on how society maintains stability and order? a) Conflict theory
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Structural functionalism
d) Feminist theory
Ans. C
04. What concept refers to the process of learning the norms and values of one’s culture? a) Socialization
b) Deviance
c) Assimilation
d) Alienation
Ans. A
05. Which type of society is characterized by hunting and gathering as the primary means of subsistence? a) Agricultural society
b) Industrial society
c) Post-industrial society
d) Preindustrial society
Ans. D
06. What is the term for the shared expectations and rules that guide behavior within a society? a) Laws
b) Mores
c) Folkways
d) Norms
Ans. D
07. Which sociological perspective emphasizes the importance of symbols and language in shaping social interactions? a) Functionalism
b) Conflict theory
c) Symbolic interactionism
d) Feminist theory
Ans. C
08. What term describes the process by which individuals or groups are excluded from full participation in society? a) Socialization
b) Segregation
c) Deviance
d) Social stratification
Ans. D
09. Which sociological perspective focuses on how power and inequality influence social interactions? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Feminist theory
Ans. C
10. What term describes the process by which different cultures come into contact and exchange ideas and practices? a) Globalization
b) Assimilation
c) Multiculturalism
d) Acculturation
Ans. A
11. What sociological concept refers to the behaviors, beliefs, and norms that are typically associated with being male or female? a) Gender roles
b) Sexual orientation
c) Social class
d) Age stratification
Ans. A
12. What is the term for a group of people who share a common culture and identity? a) Society
b) Community
c) Ethnicity
d) Subculture
Ans. C
13. Which sociological perspective focuses on the role of media and popular culture in shaping society? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Cultural studies
d) Feminist theory
Ans. C
14. What concept describes the belief in and worship of a single, all-powerful deity or god? a) Polytheism
b) Monotheism
c) Agnosticism
d) Atheism
Ans. B
15. Who is known for his study of the “Iron Cage” and the impact of rationalization on modern society? a) Karl Marx
b) Max Weber
c) Emile Durkheim
d) Herbert Spencer
Ans. B
16. What term describes a type of social interaction that involves two or more people who influence each other’s behavior? a) Isolation
b) Interaction
c) Socialization
d) Engagement
Ans. B
17. What is the term for the hierarchical arrangement of individuals or groups in a society based on various factors like income and education? a) Class struggle
b) Social mobility
c) Social stratification
d) Class conflict
Ans. C
18. Which sociological perspective focuses on the role of gender in shaping social interactions and inequalities? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Feminist theory
Ans. D
19. What term refers to the process of learning the cultural norms and values of one’s own society? a) Assimilation
b) Enculturation
c) Acculturation
d) Globalization
Ans. B
20. Who coined the term “sociological imagination” to describe the ability to see the connection between personal experiences and larger social forces? a) Karl Marx
b) Max Weber
c) Auguste Comte
d) C. Wright Mills
Ans. D
21. What is the sociological term for a group that shares a common identity based on factors like race, ethnicity, or nationality? a) Subculture
b) Counterculture
c) Ethnic group
d) Social class
Ans. C
22. Which sociological perspective focuses on the impact of mass media and communication on society? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Media theory
d) Cultural studies
Ans. D
23. What is the term for a society characterized by the dominance of large corporations and advanced technology? a) Agricultural society
b) Industrial society
c) Post-industrial society
d) Preindustrial society
Ans. C
24. What concept refers to the violation of social norms and rules? a) Conformity
b) Deviance
c) Rebellion
d) Obedience
Ans. B
25. Which sociological perspective focuses on the role of power and conflict in society? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Feminist theory
Ans. C
26. What term describes the process by which an individual or group adopts the culture of a dominant or host society? a) Assimilation
b) Isolation
c) Segregation
d) Multiculturalism
Ans. A
27. Which sociological perspective emphasizes the role of individuals in creating and shaping society through their actions and interactions? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Feminist theory
Ans. B
28. What term describes the process of adapting to and adopting elements of a foreign culture? a) Globalization
b) Assimilation
c) Acculturation
d) Isolation
Ans. C
29. Who is known for his study of the “social facts” and the influence of social forces on individual behavior? a) Karl Marx
b) Max Weber
c) Emile Durkheim
d) Herbert Spencer
Ans. C
30. What term describes the belief in and worship of multiple deities or gods? a) Polytheism
b) Monotheism
c) Henotheism
d) Pantheism
Ans. A
31. What is the term for a society characterized by small, close-knit communities and subsistence farming? a) Agricultural society
b) Industrial society
c) Post-industrial society
d) Preindustrial society
Ans. D
32. Who developed the concept of the “looking glass self,” which describes how individuals see themselves based on the perceptions of others? a) Karl Marx
b) Max Weber
c) Charles Horton Cooley
d) Emile Durkheim
Ans. C
33. What term describes the study of the social and cultural lives of individuals and groups in society? a) Sociology
b) Psychology
c) Anthropology
d) Economics
Ans. A
34. Which sociological perspective focuses on the ways in which individuals and groups define and create reality through shared symbols and meanings? a) Functionalism
b) Conflict theory
c) Symbolic interactionism
d) Feminist theory
Ans. C
35. What is the term for a set of social institutions and practices that create and maintain a stable society? a) Cultural relativism
b) Social structure
c) Cultural diffusion
d) Social construct
Ans. B
36. What concept refers to the shared expectations and behaviors associated with a particular status or role in society? a) Identity
b) Stereotype
c) Socialization
d) Role
Ans. D
37. Which sociological perspective emphasizes the importance of class struggle and the exploitation of the working class? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Feminist theory
Ans. C
38. What is the term for the process by which individuals or groups adapt to the dominant culture while retaining some of their original cultural practices? a) Assimilation
b) Isolation
c) Integration
d) Cultural hybridity
Ans. A
39. Who is known for the concept of the “double consciousness” experienced by African Americans in the United States? a) W.E.B. Du Bois
b) Harriet Martineau
c) C. Wright Mills
d) Karl Marx
Ans. A
40. What term describes the systematic study of human society and social interactions? a) Anthropology
b) Sociology
c) Psychology
d) Economics
Ans. B
41. What is the term for a set of beliefs, values, and practices that are shared by members of a society and passed down from one generation to the next? a) Culture
b) Subculture
c) Counterculture
d) Norms
Ans. A
42. Which sociological perspective focuses on the role of gender and the patriarchy in society? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Feminist theory
Ans. D
43. What is the term for a set of practices, rituals, and beliefs related to the sacred and the divine? a) Morality
b) Religion
c) Atheism
d) Secularism
Ans. B
44. Who is known for the concept of “anomie” and its role in understanding suicide rates? a) Karl Marx
b) Max Weber
c) Emile Durkheim
d) Herbert Spencer
Ans. C
45. What term describes the process of learning the cultural norms and values of a society different from one’s own? a) Enculturation
b) Acculturation
c) Assimilation
d) Socialization
Ans. B
46. Which sociological perspective focuses on the role of media and popular culture in shaping society? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Cultural studies
d) Feminist theory
Ans. C
47. What is the term for a society characterized by the dominance of technology and information as primary means of production? a) Agricultural society
b) Industrial society
c) Post-industrial society
d) Preindustrial society
Ans. C
48. What concept refers to the violation of widely held cultural and social norms? a) Conformity
b) Deviance
c) Rebellion
d) Obedience
Ans. B
49. Which sociological perspective emphasizes the role of individuals in creating and shaping society through their actions and interactions? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Feminist theory
Ans. B
50. What is the term for the process of adapting to and adopting elements of a foreign culture while retaining elements of one’s original culture? a) Multiculturalism
b) Acculturation
c) Integration
d) Globalization
Ans. B
51. What term describes the process by which individuals or groups are ranked in a social hierarchy based on their access to resources and opportunities? a) Socialization
b) Deviance
c) Social stratification
d) Alienation
Ans. C
52. Which sociological perspective focuses on the role of race and ethnicity in shaping social interactions and inequalities? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Racial theory
Ans. C
53. What is the term for a system of beliefs and practices related to the sacred and the divine, often involving rituals and ceremonies? a) Morality
b) Spirituality
c) Religion
d) Atheism
Ans. C
54. Who is known for the concept of the “power elite” and the concentration of power in the hands of a few key individuals and institutions? a) Karl Marx
b) Max Weber
c) C. Wright Mills
d) Emile Durkheim
Ans. C
55. What term describes the process of learning the cultural norms and values of one’s society through socialization? a) Enculturation
b) Acculturation
c) Assimilation
d) Cultural transmission
Ans. D
56. Which sociological perspective focuses on the role of media in promoting consumerism and shaping desires? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Media theory
d) Cultural studies
Ans. D
57. What is the term for a society characterized by the dominance of agriculture as the primary means of subsistence? a) Agricultural society
b) Industrial society
c) Post-industrial society
d) Preindustrial society
Ans. A
58. What concept refers to the violation of legal norms and rules in society? a) Conformity
b) Deviance
c) Rebellion
d) Obedience
Ans. B
59. Which sociological perspective emphasizes the importance of gender roles and their impact on society? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Feminist theory
Ans. D
60. What term describes the process of individuals from different cultures coming into contact and exchanging ideas and practices? a) Globalization
b) Assimilation
c) Multiculturalism
d) Acculturation
Ans. A
61. What is the term for the systematic study of human society, including patterns of social relationships, social interaction, and culture? a) Anthropology
b) Sociology
c) Psychology
d) Economics
Ans. B
62. Which sociological perspective focuses on the role of family, education, and religion in maintaining stability in society? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Feminist theory
Ans. A
63. What term describes the process of learning the norms and values of one’s own culture? a) Assimilation
b) Enculturation
c) Acculturation
d) Globalization
Ans. B
64. Who is known for the concept of the “self-fulfilling prophecy” and the idea that people’s beliefs about themselves can influence their behavior? a) Karl Marx
b) Max Weber
c) Robert K. Merton
d) Herbert Spencer
Ans. C
65. What term describes the beliefs and practices related to the sacred and the divine that often involve rituals and ceremonies? a) Morality
b) Spirituality
c) Religion
d) Atheism
Ans. C
66. Which sociological perspective focuses on the role of symbols, language, and nonverbal communication in shaping social interactions? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Feminist theory
Ans. B
67. What is the term for a society characterized by the dominance of manufacturing and industry as the primary means of production? a) Agricultural society
b) Industrial society
c) Post-industrial society
d) Preindustrial society
Ans. B
68. What concept refers to the violation of social norms and rules? a) Conformity
b) Deviance
c) Rebellion
d) Obedience
Ans. B
69. Which sociological perspective emphasizes the role of media in shaping public opinion and social attitudes? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Media theory
d) Cultural studies
Ans. C
70. What term describes the process of adapting to and adopting elements of a foreign culture while retaining some original cultural practices? a) Assimilation
b) Isolation
c) Integration
d) Cultural hybridity
Ans. A
71. What is the term for a system of beliefs and practices related to the sacred and the divine, often involving rituals and ceremonies? a) Morality
b) Spirituality
c) Religion
d) Atheism
Ans. C
72. Who is known for the concept of the “power elite” and the concentration of power in the hands of a few key individuals and institutions? a) Karl Marx
b) Max Weber
c) C. Wright Mills
d) Emile Durkheim
Ans. C
73. What term describes the process of learning the cultural norms and values of one’s society through socialization? a) Enculturation
b) Acculturation
c) Assimilation
d) Cultural transmission
Ans. D
74. Which sociological perspective focuses on the role of family, education, and religion in maintaining stability in society? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Feminist theory
Ans. A
75. What term describes the beliefs and practices related to the sacred and the divine that often involve rituals and ceremonies? a) Morality
b) Spirituality
c) Religion
d) Atheism
Ans. C
76. Which sociological perspective focuses on the role of symbols, language, and nonverbal communication in shaping social interactions? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Feminist theory
Ans. B
77. What is the term for a society characterized by the dominance of manufacturing and industry as the primary means of production? a) Agricultural society
b) Industrial society
c) Post-industrial society
d) Preindustrial society
Ans. B
78. What concept refers to the violation of social norms and rules? a) Conformity
b) Deviance
c) Rebellion
d) Obedience
Ans. B
79. Which sociological perspective emphasizes the role of media in shaping public opinion and social attitudes? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Media theory
d) Cultural studies
Ans. C
80. What term describes the process of adapting to and adopting elements of a foreign culture while retaining some original cultural practices? a) Assimilation
b) Isolation
c) Integration
d) Cultural hybridity
Ans. A
81. What is the term for the unequal distribution of resources and opportunities in society based on factors like race, class, and gender? a) Socialization
b) Deviance
c) Social stratification
d) Alienation
Ans. C
82. Which sociological perspective focuses on the role of race and ethnicity in shaping social interactions and inequalities? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Racial theory
Ans. C
83. What is the term for a system of beliefs and practices related to the sacred and the divine, often involving rituals and ceremonies? a) Morality
b) Spirituality
c) Religion
d) Atheism
Ans. C
84. Who is known for the concept of the “power elite” and the concentration of power in the hands of a few key individuals and institutions? a) Karl Marx
b) Max Weber
c) C. Wright Mills
d) Emile Durkheim
Ans. C
85. What term describes the process of learning the cultural norms and values of one’s society through socialization? a) Enculturation
b) Acculturation
c) Assimilation
d) Cultural transmission
Ans. B
86. Which sociological perspective focuses on the role of symbols, language, and nonverbal communication in shaping social interactions? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Feminist theory
Ans. B
87. What is the term for a society characterized by the dominance of manufacturing and industry as the primary means of production? a) Agricultural society
b) Industrial society
c) Post-industrial society
d) Preindustrial society
Ans. B
88. What concept refers to the violation of social norms and rules? a) Conformity
b) Deviance
c) Rebellion
d) Obedience
Ans. B
89. Which sociological perspective emphasizes the role of media in shaping public opinion and social attitudes? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Media theory
d) Cultural studies
Ans. C
90. What term describes the process of adapting to and adopting elements of a foreign culture while retaining some original cultural practices? a) Assimilation
b) Isolation
c) Integration
d) Cultural hybridity
Ans. A
91. What term is used to describe the beliefs and practices related to the sacred and the divine, often involving rituals and ceremonies? a) Morality
b) Spirituality
c) Religion
d) Atheism
Ans. C
Religion encompasses the beliefs and practices related to the sacred and often involves rituals and ceremonies.
92. Who is known for the concept of the “power elite” and the concentration of power in the hands of a few key individuals and institutions? a) Karl Marx
b) Max Weber
c) C. Wright Mills
d) Emile Durkheim
Ans. C
C. Wright Mills is known for the concept of the “power elite” and the concentration of power in the hands of a few key individuals and institutions.
93. What term describes the process of learning the cultural norms and values of one’s society through socialization? a) Enculturation
b) Acculturation
c) Assimilation
d) Cultural transmission
Ans. D
The correct term for the process of learning cultural norms and values is “cultural transmission.”
94. Which sociological perspective focuses on the role of family, education, and religion in maintaining stability in society? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Feminist theory
Ans. A
Functionalism emphasizes the role of family, education, and religion in maintaining stability in society.
95. What term describes the beliefs and practices related to the sacred and the divine that often involve rituals and ceremonies? a) Morality
b) Spirituality
d) Atheism
Ans. C
Religion encompasses beliefs and practices related to the sacred, often involving rituals and ceremonies.
96. Which sociological perspective focuses on the role of symbols, language, and nonverbal communication in shaping social interactions? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Feminist theory
Ans. B
Symbolic interactionism focuses on symbols, language, and nonverbal communication in shaping social interactions.
97. What is the term for a society characterized by the dominance of manufacturing and industry as the primary means of production? a) Agricultural society
b) Industrial society
c) Post-industrial society
d) Preindustrial society
Ans. B
An industrial society is characterized by the dominance of manufacturing and industry as the primary means of production.
98. What concept refers to the violation of social norms and rules? a) Conformity
b) Deviance
c) Rebellion
d) Obedience
Ans. B
Deviance refers to the violation of social norms and rules in society.
99. Which sociological perspective emphasizes the role of media in shaping public opinion and social attitudes? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Media theory
d) Cultural studies
Ans. C
Media theory emphasizes the role of media in shaping public opinion and social attitudes.
100. What term describes the process of adapting to and adopting elements of a foreign culture while retaining some original cultural practices? a) Assimilation
b) Isolation
c) Integration
d) Cultural hybridity
Ans. A
Assimilation is the process of adapting to and adopting elements of a foreign culture while retaining some original cultural practices.
101. Which sociological perspective focuses on the unequal distribution of resources and opportunities in society based on factors like race, class, and gender? a) Functionalism
b) Symbolic interactionism
c) Conflict theory
d) Feminist theory
Ans. C
Conflict theory focuses on the unequal distribution of resources and opportunities in society, often based on factors like race, class, and gender.
102. Who coined the term “anomie” to describe a state of normlessness or moral confusion in society? a) Karl Marx
b) Max Weber
c) Emile Durkheim
d) Herbert Spencer
Ans. C
Emile Durkheim coined the term “anomie” to describe a state of normlessness or moral confusion in society.
103. Which type of society is characterized by a strong focus on agriculture as the primary means of production? a) Post-industrial society
b) Industrial society
c) Agricultural society
d) Preindustrial society
Ans. C
An agricultural society is characterized by a strong focus on agriculture as the primary means of production.
104. What is the term for a system of beliefs and practices that focus on the well-being and happiness of individuals, often with an emphasis on self-realization and personal growth? a) Capitalism
b) Collectivism
c) Hedonism
d) Individualism
Ans. D
Individualism is a system of beliefs and practices that focus on the well-being and happiness of individuals, often with an emphasis on self-realization and personal growth.
105. What is the term for the process of learning and adopting elements of a foreign culture while retaining some original cultural practices? a) Assimilation
b) Acculturation
c) Integration
d) Cultural adaptation
Ans. B
Acculturation is the process of learning and adopting elements of a foreign culture while retaining some original cultural practices.